Readiness of Students and Employees in Logistics to Implement Digitalization, Sustainability, and Industry 4.0 in Practice

This chapter examines the critical challenge of workforce readiness in the rapidly evolving logistics sector, where Industry 4.0 technologies, digitalization, and sustainability imperatives are fundamentally transforming operational requirements. While logistics has been established as a key driver of economic growth, the sector now demands a highly skilled workforce capable of managing complex technological systems and implementing sustainable practices. Contemporary logistics enterprises require professionals with multidisciplinary expertise spanning logistics, finance, international trade, information technology, and communication, yet finding appropriately qualified personnel remains a persistent challenge. The traditional focus on engineering aspects of logistics often overlooks the growing importance of sustainability-related competencies, creating a significant skills gap in the workforce. This study addresses these gaps by conducting a comprehensive assessment of readiness among both current logistics professionals and students for the digital and sustainable transformation of the sector. Through comparative analysis of self-assessed preparedness versus external evaluations by industry experts and national logistics association (NLA) representatives, the research evaluates the extent to which individuals are equipped to perform essential activities identified in prior literature. The methodology employs survey design and statistical procedures to assess perceived capabilities across key competencies related to Industry 4.0, digitalization, and sustainability. The findings provide critical insights for workforce development strategies and offer practical recommendations for educational institutions and industry stakeholders to better align training programmes with the evolving demands of modern logistics systems.