Micro- and Nanoplastics in Tunisian Coastal Areas

Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) have emerged as pervasive pollutants in marine environments, particularly affecting coastal ecosystems. In Tunisia, a country with an extensive Mediterranean coastline, the presence of these contaminants poses ecological, economic, and public health challenges. This chapter reviews the current state of knowledge regarding MP/NP pollution in Tunisian coastal waters, including their sources, distribution, environmental impacts, and interactions with marine biota. It also explores recent advances and local initiatives aimed at monitoring, mitigating, and treating these pollutants. Emphasis is placed on both conventional and innovative treatment methods, highlighting the need for integrated policies and regional cooperation. The chapter concludes by identifying critical gaps in research and offering recommendations for future action.