Hybrid Adsorptive–Photocatalytic Systems

Hybrid adsorptive–photocatalytic systems provide an advanced and synergistic approach for treating complex liquid effluents by combining the strengths of adsorption and heterogeneous photocatalysis. Adsorption enables the pre-concentration of pollutants on material surfaces, enhancing their subsequent degradation by photocatalysts such as titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ). This chapter explores the mechanisms of both processes, key operational parameters, and the role of composite materials in improving overall performance. The integration of adsorbents and photocatalysts enhances pollutant removal through increasing surface area, better charge separation, and improving light absorption via bandgap narrowing. Preparation methods and material selection are also discussed, highlighting recent advancements in nanostructuring and doping techniques. Case studies illustrate the practical potential of these systems. For example, TiO 2 achieved a 73% chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal from Mediouna landfill leachate. Another hybrid system, activated carbon (AC)/graphene oxide (GO)/TiO 2 , achieved 95% degradation of sulfamethazine (SMT) under UV light, compared to only 53% with TiO 2 alone. Overall, hybrid adsorptive–photocatalytic systems present a promising solution for overcoming the limitations of individual processes, offering enhanced efficiency and versatility in wastewater treatment applications.