Human and Environmental Interaction with Earthworms

Earthworms play essential roles in soil fertility, nutrient cycling, and ecosystem health. Human activities, particularly agricultural practices like tillage and organic farming, significantly impact earthworm populations. Conventional tillage disrupts habitats and reduces earthworm numbers, while conservation tillage and organic farming support their survival. Earthworms improve soil structure, enhance water infiltration, and recycle nutrients, aiding in ecosystem restoration. As bioindicators, they reflect soil health and environmental pollution. Sustainable agricultural practices and conservation efforts are vital for maintaining healthy earthworm populations, ensuring soil and ecosystem sustainability.