Life Cycle of Earthworms

This chapter explores the reproductive biology of earthworms, emphasizing their hermaphroditic nature, mating behaviors, cocoon formation, and juvenile development. Earthworms rely on cross-fertilization, and environmental factors such as moisture and temperature play a significant role in their reproductive success. The formation of protective cocoons, where fertilization and embryonic development occur, is a critical aspect of their life cycle. Juveniles hatch from these cocoons and undergo growth and maturation influenced by environmental conditions.