Conversion of Organic Waste into Bio-Oil Production

Bio-oil production from organic waste has gained significant attention in recent years as a renewable and sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. Bio-oil can be derived from a variety of organic wastes including agricultural waste, forestry residues, algae, food waste, municipal waste, etc. Pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction are the most widely employed techniques for bio-oil production using organic waste. The quality and yield of bio-oil depend on the type of feedstock and reaction conditions, and the major challenges, like low bio-oil yield and poor quality, limit the direct application of bio-oil as a fuel. To enhance the quality and yield of bio-oil, significant research advancements have been made to date. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental aspects of bio-oil, the effect of composition and type of organic waste on the yield and quality of bio-oil, and a detailed overview of the technologies adopted for bio-oil production from organic waste. It also highlights various process parameters and technological challenges associated with these technologies. Furthermore, it provides insights into the various technological advancements made to date to enhance the yield and quality of bio-oil.