Summary and conclusions

This chapter presents a comprehensive synthesis of the role of artificial intelligence in education, management, public safety and national security, while also addressing the risks, ethical dilemmas and regulatory needs accompanying its rapid development. It highlights AI’s transformative impact on personalising learning, optimising resource allocation, strengthening crisis response and enhancing operational efficiency. At the same time, it examines challenges such as disinformation, cyberattacks, automation-driven unemployment, surveillance and algorithmic bias. The chapter underscores the necessity of building digital competencies, promoting public awareness and ensuring transparency in AI-based systems. Emphasis is placed on the dual nature of AI, which can both strengthen state security and serve as a tool of destabilisation. The conclusions stress the urgent need for coherent legal and ethical frameworks, international cooperation and investment in cybersecurity and education. The analysis ultimately positions AI as both a driver of innovation and a potential threat, requiring balanced governance and responsible implementation.