Industrial Applications of Green-Synthesized Nanoparticles

The chemical approach to nanoparticle (NP) synthesis has traditionally been the primary method adopted by industries. Due to the unique physicochemical properties of nanoparticles, they are harnessed for diverse applications including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, textiles, food, electronics, and energy. However, growing evidence of the toxicity associated with chemically synthesized nanoparticles necessitated the development of a safer alternative. A revolutionary approach to synthesis known as green synthesis has emerged in the industries, which has transformed the field of nanotechnology. Unlike conventional methods, green synthesis utilizes biological resources such as plant extracts and microorganisms, thereby eliminating the use of hazardous chemicals. In the pharmaceutical sector, green-synthesized nanoparticles are extensively applied in the development of nanomedicines and targeted drug delivery systems. The textile industry integrates these nanoparticles in antimicrobial finishing, dye degradation, and advanced fabric treatments. Nanoparticles also shown applications in industrial wastewater treatment practices. Green-synthesized nanoparticles have also proved effective as food preservatives and food additives to improve nutritional value. They have also proved effective in the cosmetic industry to formulate safer, non-toxic personal care products. In the electronics industry, devices and switches are now manufactured with green-synthesized nanoparticles to ensure environmental sustainability. This chapter highlights the significance of green synthesis of nanoparticles across key sectors, including pharmaceuticals, textiles, food, cosmetics, electronics, and energy.