Reduction Reactions and Their Role in Remediation

At present, progress in science and technology contributes much to industry and quality of life. However, the need for monitoring and handling industrial waste, especially hazardous chemicals, is a side effect of the development of the industry. In handling hazardous materials, reduction reactions are one of the reactions that play an important role as a means of environmental remediation. Reduction reactions of pollutants such as bromate, chlorate, perchlorate, CO 2 , SO 2 , and NO 2 anions are some strategic reactions, and some of them are part of the circular economy in the industry. For those processes, some inorganic materials serve as an important part of the chemical process, such as catalyst, photonic material, supercapacitor. Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, including van der Waals layered (graphitic carbon nitride, reduced graphene oxide, carbide) and non-van der Waals layered (e.g., layered-double hydroxide/LDH, MXenes), are a class of materials that filled the qualifications for effective and efficient reduction process. The structure of 2D nanomaterials demonstrated potency to be modified with some alterations in physicochemical properties for various purposes including in environmental remediation. This chapter delves into some reduction reactions for remediation with the highlight on the use of 2D nanomaterials.