Analytical Techniques for Quality Control of Botanical Extracts

Botanical extracts are fundamental and principal substances in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics, which need significant quality control measures to ensure their safety, efficacy, and quality. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of key analytical techniques used in the quality assessment of botanical extracts, including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC), and mass spectrometry (MS). Each technique is discussed in terms of its principles, applications, advantages, and limitations. Additionally, the chapter explores the emerging role of artificial intelligence (AI)-driven analytical techniques. Together, these tools form an integrated approach for maintaining the quality and authentication of plant extracts.