Human–Machine Interaction in Sociotechnical Systems

Human–machine interaction (HMI) design is a key area in sociotechnical systems (STSs). HMI design differs from other facets of experience design due to the systemic nature of design problems. The current chapter highlights the specific challenges related to HMI design by delving into the psychological and design basis of a prominent HMI process – ecological interface design. The chapter highlights two required kinds: (1) information for perception, action, and cognition; and (2) information for joint optimization and systems reliability. The chapter then revisits the thoughts of Jens Rasmussen and J.J. Gibson to understand how to develop the information for perception, action, and cognition for HMI design. Based on these insights, the chapter presents eight meta-theoretical design directions to support HMI design in complex STSs.