Foundation of Vector Analysis

Understanding the fundamentals of electromagnetic theory is crucial for studying the behavior of plasma as a source for fusion, which is a controlled thermonuclear reaction used to produce energy. In this chapter, we introduce Maxwell's equations and Coulomb's barrier or tunnel effects to help readers better understand plasma behavior, particularly in the context of controlled thermonuclear reactions that are magnetically contained and intended to produce clean energy. We are principally interested in the confinement of very hot plasmas at terrestrial temperatures, with applications to controlled fusion research in magnetic confinement reactors like the Tokamak.