Frame level video encryption based on MVL substitution and byte reorganization

With the increasing demand for secure video transmission, especially its streaming applications, with the necessity for secure and lightweight encryption has become a critical area of research for different researchers. The current paper is a report on the two software-based video encryption techniques: a usual binary XOR method contrasted with a quaternary Multi-Valued Logic (MVL) approach. The MVL method represents a further secure way based on the application of base-4 transformation, LFSR-generated masking, quaternary substitution, and byte reorganization all working toward the goals of security and unpredictability. On the contrary, the XOR approach is a relatively easier and faster alternative with lower complexity of operations. The approaches were analysed using various performance metrics such as PSNR, NPCR, UACI, entropy, histogram deviation, and correlation coefficient. The MVL technique produces an entropy level of 6.85 and a correlation coefficient of 0.108 suggesting the data is difficult to understand and reconstruct and this result is consistent with PSNR = Inf. In contrast, the binary XOR method is not only less secure but also has comparatively low entropy of 4.09 and its correlation coefficient is 0.824, which leads to the conclusion that the method has a very high probability of a structure that is for easy to reconstruct. These results show that MVL technique improves encryption strength making it more secure alternative for lightweight video encryption