Electromagnetic Wave

This chapter begins with the notion of magnetic flux as a basis for Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. This is followed by Lenz's law, which clarifies the direction of induced electromotive force, in accordance with the concept of energy conservation. Then we examine the generation of electromotive force (emf). This is followed by a discussion on eddy currents and their utilization in electromagnetic braking systems, principles of self-induction and mutual induction, and energy stored in a magnetic field. Maxwell's equations have been discussed along with the propagation of electromagnetic waves in vacuum and non-conducting medium, the flow of electromagnetic energy, and the Poynting vector. We conclude this chapter with a discussion on the polarization of waves.