Low-Dimensional Biosensors in Food Safety, Agriculture, and Healthcare

Low-dimensional biosensors (LDBs) refer to biosensing devices that utilize materials with low-dimensional structures, such as nanoparticles, nanotubes, or two-dimensional materials like graphene. LDBs have been experimentally reported to have good biocompatibility with a broad range of chemical to biological molecules and, hence, are safe to use. LDBs offer noteworthy benefits such as high selectivity, sensitivity, and throughput processing ability for various applications in different fields. In food safety, LDBs exhibit fast and sensitive identification of pathogens and contaminants in food. Meanwhile, LDBs can assess soil conditions in agriculture by detecting nutrient levels, pH, moisture content, water quality, pesticides, and early pathogen detection, contributing to the overall enhancement of crop yield and quality. In healthcare, LDBs are essential for monitoring and diagnosis, especially for the identification of fast and accurate biomarkers and continuous monitoring of physiological parameters, including drug delivery. However, research findings in these fields still need to be completed. The present book chapter discusses an overview and applications of LDBs in food safety, agriculture, and healthcare, highlighting their potential applications based on comprehensive case studies.