Low-Dimensional Biosensors for Global Challenges

In the face of pressing global challenges, low-dimensional biosensors have emerged as transformative tools with the potential to address a myriad of issues across diverse regions. This comprehensive chapter delves into the dynamic landscape of low-dimensional biosensors within a regional context. By harnessing the unique properties of nanomaterials and exploiting their advantageous surface-to-volume ratios, these biosensors exhibit remarkable sensitivity, selectivity, and rapid response. The chapter highlights their application in tackling critical global challenges such as healthcare diagnostics, environmental monitoring, bio-security, and bio-terrorism prevention, agriculture and livestock management, food safety, and quality assessment. By highlighting regional perspectives, the chapter sheds light on how these biosensors can be strategically deployed to cater to diverse challenges unique to each region. Case studies exemplify the adaptation of low-dimensional biosensors to region-specific contexts, emphasising the significance of aligning biosensing technologies with local conditions, resources, and regulations. Examining the adaptation of biosensing technologies to regional contexts, which includes considering factors like resource availability, regulatory frameworks, and socio-economic conditions, reveals how the integration of low-dimensional materials into biosensing systems has enabled the creation of compact, portable, and economically feasible solutions for promptly detecting a broad spectrum of analytes in real time. Furthermore, it sheds light on collaborative efforts between researchers, industries, and governments in different regions to harness the potential of these biosensors effectively. The chapter also critically analyses the current state of low-dimensional biosensors, discussing limitations and potential barriers to widespread adoption. It emphasises the need for continued research to enhance their reliability, affordability, and scalability while accounting for regional variations. Ultimately, the paper advocates for a holistic approach that amalgamates scientific advancements with regional insights to harness the full potential of low-dimensional biosensors in contributing to solutions for global challenges.