Sensing at Nanoscale

Sensing has been widely recognised as a subject of multiple areas. While consciousness science deals with the outlook of information flow through big data, artificial intelligence recognises it with the weightage factors of each neural network level, chemical science and biology recognise it with the paradigm of molecular interactions, and nano-optics uses scattering and emission as a measuring protocol. The final chapter entitled “Sensing at Nanoscale: Challenges and Opportunities” commensurates to interdigitate several aspects of sensing and their working principles in view of their present usage. The chapter primarily focuses on the science behind different technologies used in modern biosensors and the cognitive development of theories, with corresponding technologies developed. Different working principles, such as plasmonic, chemical, colorimetry, chromatography, and fluorimetry have been discussed in the domain of nanosensing, along with present challenges. The end part of the chapter provides the outlook to overcome the inherent limitations with some futuristic ideas, with suitable references.