GRA, TOPSIS, and DFA-Aided Decision-Making in Concrete Technology

This chapter presents three methods of optimization, namely the Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), and Desirability Function Approach (DFA). All optimization methods are used for solving multiple-criteria decision-making problems. In this chapter, these methods are explained with reference to the optimization of concrete mixes, which is performed to get the best concrete mix with regard to performance criteria and cost. The measured responses, such as compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths, chloride migration coefficient, water penetration depth, and cost of concrete, are for optimization. In accordance with optimization methods, the ranking for the most desirable concrete mix with regard to each optimization technique is analyzed. These methods are illustrated by taking a data set of 11 different concrete mixes and the above 6 parameters for selecting the best concrete mix, which is strong, durable, and economical too.