Cyber security challenges in metaverse: A comprehensive review across Smart Cities domain

The metaverse is a growing area of research in the field of science and technology. It is characterized by the inter connection of virtual environments, devices on the Internet of Things (IoT), and the infrastructure of cities. The IoT Metaverse presents unique cybersecurity challenges, such as vulnerabilities in IoT devices, sensor data tampering, attacks on physical infrastructure, and supply chain risks. This study provides a comprehensive literature review of the metaverse and explores and also takes into account the argument that the metaverse has significant and disruptive effects on methods of reality reconstruction in today’s increasingly platform-based city life. The Smart Cities domain has been the focus of research for the last few years, and cyber security threats across the IOT and SMART Cities domain have been highlighted. This research paper aims to provide a review of recent cyber security challenges in the Smart Cities domain. This includes user authentication and identity management, data privacy, secure communication, and incident response. This involves refining biometric authentication techniques, improving multifactor authentication methods, and applying innovative biometric fusion to strengthen the security of virtual identities. We have highlighted the need for strong and robust cybersecurity measures to protect our users, data, virtual environments, and critical systems from emerging threats.