Valerian

The results from controlled clinical trials support the use of valerian ( Valeriana officinalis ) as a mild sedative, and for the symptomatic treatment of insomnia. Numerous valerian-containing products are available on the commercial market, including “standardized extracts”, tinctures, capsules and tablets. The considerable variation in the composition of valerian extracts and the instability of some of its chemical constituents makes the standardization of these products difficult. The recommended daily dose of valerian ranges from 200 to 600 mg per day. Results from one controlled clinical trial have demonstrated that 900 mg per day of valer- ian root is no more effective than 450 mg per day. Adverse reactions include stom- ach upset, headaches and allergic reactions. Chronic administration is not recommended due to a lack of long-term safety studies. No drug interactions have been reported. While valerian administration has not been shown to impair vigi- lance, patients should be cautioned that motor reflexes, driving ability and the oper- ation of heavy machinery might be adversely affected. Due to a lack of safety data, valerian should not be administered during pregnancy or nursing, or to children under the age of twelve.