Prediction of the behaviour of marine oil spills: Applications based on random walk techniques

A numerical model has been developed to simulate the transport and fate of oil spilled at sea. The model combines the transport and fate processes of spilled oil with the random walk technique. Oil movement under the influence of tidal currents, wind-driven currents, and turbulent eddies is simulated by the PLUME-RW dispersion model developed by HR Wallingford. The weathering processes in the model represent physical and chemical changes of oil slicks with time, and comprise mechanical spreading, dispersion, evaporation and emulsification. Shoreline stranding is determined approximately using a capacity method for different shoreline types. This paper presents details of the model, and describes the results of various sensitivity tests. The model is suitable for oil spill contingency planning.