Critical evaluation of ground vibrations and consequent structural damage under varying blast configurations

Critical evaluations are made on the propagation characteristics and superimposition of complex waves generated due to single as well as multiple blasting shots connected together. Experimental results are provided to substantiate a number of important logical facts on the persistency of vibration, ground behaviour, blast induced frequency and superimposition of complex blast waves. Level of SPM generated during blasting and their impacts are also discussed briefly so that one can understand the environmental hazards associated with the firing of larger amount of explosives even with the use of non-electric initiating devices. Under identical conditions, it has been shown that the use of bottom initiation and trunk line delay system through shock tube devices would pose less environmental hazards with respect to conventional system of blasting. Suggestions are made for safe and productive blasting practices.