Optimization and control of blast fragmentation

The article centers on increasing the profitability of open cast pits and quarries. Prediction and analysis of fragmentation gain more and more in importance, as it is realized that the primary fragmentation is cheaper than the secondary and that it may often be more economical than crushing. Basic factors influencing the fragmentation of the blasted rock are presented. A particular emphasis is placed on selection of blasting parameters assuring an optimal fragmentation of the blasted rock that will increase the profitability.