Loading
Abstract
Originally, tunnels and rock caverns were almost exclusively blasted with explosives in packaged form. Lately, the packaged explosives have to a large extent been substituted by bulk ANFO in tunnels using borehole diameters of 45 mm and larger. Modern loading equipment and better quality ANFO have made bulk ANFO competitive both in terms of blasting efficiency and price.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Structural Response to Dynamic Loads
High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior
Tunneling and Rock Mechanics
Publication details
- Pages
- 23–27
- Publication date
- 8 January 2026
- Language
- EN
- Document type
- Book chapter