Geotechnical aspects of the restoration Ofhistorical monuments and the rehabilitation of infra-structures in Thailand

This paper describes in two parts the restoration and rehabilitation works on ancient monuments and temples, as well as, recent structures. Part I of the paper is devoted to six case studies on ancient monuments in four locations in Thailand, namely Lopburi, Nakorn Pathom, Bangkok and Ayudhya. These case studies have illustrated that the foundation conditions at all six sites are satisfactory and the restoration works only relate to the superstructure. Part II of the paper concentrates on recent structures and describes the underpinning works related to five structures including a long span bridge and four other buildings located in Bangkok, Khon Kaen and Haadyai. The various mechanisms which lead to excessive settlement and bearing capacity failures were identified and the currently adopted underpining and shoring works in Thailand are presented. These case studies illustrate the selection of underpinning methods: driven piles, bored piles, micropiles or a combination of them.