High-Isolation UWB MIMO antenna design and optimization using DGS for future mm Wave wireless systems

This paper presents the design, engineering, and optimization of a high-isolation ultra-wideband (UWB) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system for future millimeter-wave (mmWave) wireless applications. Despite offering wide performance, the original setup only occupies 12 mm × 24 mm of space and has mutual coupling that restricts isolation to more than 12 dB. To get around this restriction, a defected ground structure (DGS) is used, which successfully increases isolation to over 20 dB in the 6–35 GHz range without requiring an antenna expansion. The suggested design maintains high radiation efficiency between 90–95% throughout the operating band while delivering a gain of 2.2–6.3 dBi. The MIMO configuration is engineered to minimize mutual coupling, thereby ensuring superior diversity performance and signal integrity. Simulation and optimization techniques are applied to fine-tune the antenna geometry, resulting in compact dimensions, high gain, and stable radiation patterns suitable for emerging 5G, 6G, and next-generation IoT communication systems. The proposed design demonstrates its potential for integration into compact, high-data-rate, and interference-resilient mmWave communication platforms.