Adaptive Beamforming and QNNs for Evolving Brain and Field Models

Adaptive beamforming antennas: The sensor array comprises of microstrip patch antennas which are fabricated on separate substrates. Let the target signal coming from the sky be s 1 ( t ) and let the unwanted interference signals be s 2 ( t ), ..., s p ( t ). These are in fact complex lowpass envelopes of the respective signals having common centre frequency ω . Let r j denote the location on the ground of the j th microstrip antenna patch. Let R m denote the position of the m th source in the sky, m =1, 2, ..., p . Then taking into account the delay https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"> τ m j = R m − r j / c c − 1 R m − R ^ m . r j taken for the electromagnetic signal to start from the m th source and arrive at the j th antenna microstrip sensor patch, we get the result that after absorbing the constant phase factors exp ( jωR m /c ) into the source signal s m ( t ) the (complex envelope of the) signal received by the j th sensor is the superposition https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"> x j ( t ) = ∑ m = 1 p s m ( t ) exp − j ω R ^ m . r j / c + w m ( t ) , j = 1 , 2 , … , N