The Role of Large Language Models and the Gig Economy in Industry 5.0

This chapter explores the transformative impact of large language models (LLMs) in the context of Industry 5.0, particularly within decentralized and dynamic gig economy structures. It argues that LLMs are not only tools for automation but are also cognitive infrastructures capable of enhancing decision-making, optimizing supply chains, supporting gig worker engagement, and fostering intelligent customer relationships. By combining the adaptive potential of the gig economy with the analytical and generative power of LLMs, a new hybrid model emerges—one that supports human-centered, responsive, and resilient systems. The chapter discusses practical applications across demand forecasting, supplier and inventory management, logistics, risk assessment, and customer engagement, while also addressing deeper implications for worker well-being and professional identity in digital platforms. It provides both a conceptual framework and actionable insights for integrating LLMs and gig labor into sustainable, intelligent, and empathetic organizational ecosystems.