Magnetic Properties and Biomedical Applications of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

Advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology have fuelled the emergence of new multidisciplinary sectors. Among these, iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) featuring size in the nano regime play a pivotal role, especially in medical diagnosis and related assays, such as nanomedicine. The unique properties of iron oxide nanoparticles, including superparamagnetism, high magnetic susceptibility, and low Curie temperature, make them a highly promising material for both industrial and medical applications. In fields like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), they are regarded as the most successful inorganic nanoparticles used in medical diagnostics. This chapter provides an in-depth analysis of various aspects of iron oxide nanoparticles, with particular emphasis on their magnetic properties for a wide range of applications. We aim to discuss the potential aspects of IONPs by summarizing the need to optimize these nanoparticles for improved properties along with ensuring biocompatibility for safe and effective use in biomedical and technological regimes. Furthermore, this chapter provides insights into advancements in nanomedicine, illustrating the current state-of-the-art in research and development within this field.