Microbe-mediated Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications

Nanomaterials have emerged as a transformative class of materials with diverse applications in fields like biomedicine, packaging, electronics, and environmental remediation. In the last few years, nanoparticles have gained attention in the domains of science and technology owing to exceptional properties such as size, stability, shape, and reactivity. Traditionally, metal nanoparticles were synthesized using chemical means, but, in recent decades, considering environmental aspects, green synthesis has become a need and will be preferred over traditional synthesis. Microorganisms play a vital role in the synthesis of metal nanoparticles and are considered nature’s nano-factories. Microorganisms possess innate capabilities to biofabricate nanoscale structures through intracellular and extracellular processes, often resulting in materials with unique properties. This chapter highlights the sustainable aspects of microbial-mediated metal nanoparticle synthesis, interaction with cell organelles and biomolecules, toxicity constraints, and applications in various fields.