CRISPR-Based RNA Detection

RNA detection technologies based on CRISPR have emerged as valuable tools for detecting RNA molecules due to their sensitivity and specificity. These techniques, which use the CRISPR-Cas system’s programmable RNA-targeting capabilities, provide several distinct benefits, including simplicity, sensitivity, and specificity. CRISPR-Cas13-based RNA detection and SHERLOCK (Specific High-sensitivity Enzymatic Reporter unLOCKing) technologies are CRISPR-based RNA detection strategies that have been developed. A measurable signal that signals the presence of target RNA is produced as a result of these approaches, which use the collateral activity of Cas enzymes to cleave reporter molecules. Infectious disease diagnostics, cancer biomarker identification, and environmental monitoring are the areas that have benefited from the successful application of CRISPR-based RNA detection. Recent developments in CRISPR-based RNA imaging techniques allow us to observe RNA molecules within live cells as much as possible. This provides vital insights into the spatial and temporal dynamics of RNA molecules. CRISPR-based RNA detection is the subject of this chapter, in which we examine its fundamentals, uses, and recent developments. We also highlight the potential of this technique to revolutionize RNA research and diagnostics.