Brain

Brain radiation therapy planning requires exceptional precision and dose conformity to achieve optimal tumor control while minimizing radiation exposure to surrounding healthy tissues and critical structures, such as the brain stem, optic chiasm, and hippocampus. Advanced planning techniques tailored to specific treatment modalities are essential for meeting these goals. This chapter focuses on key approaches, including stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy (fSRT) planning, CyberKnife treatment planning, and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) techniques optimized for hippocampal sparing. Additionally, it provides a comprehensive overview of simulation, treatment planning, and quality assurance (QA) protocols critical for ensuring accurate and effective dose delivery.