Design of a Sensitivity Improved Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Sensor with Barium Titanate (BaTiO3) and Blue Phosphorus-Tungsten Disulphide (BlueP-WS2)/Black Phosphorous (BlackP) Hybrid Structure

This chapter is aimed at enhancing the sensitivity of a conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor based on BK7 prism and gold (Au) using a combination of different novel materials. Various designs of SPR sensors are presented utilizing novel materials, such as BaTiO 3 , BlueP-WS 2 heterostructure, and BlackP, showcasing improved sensitivities than the conventional SPR sensor. The multi-layer structure of the SPR sensors is developed using the transfer matrix method (TMM). The sensor performances are examined with respect to three key factors: full width at half maximum (FWHM), sensitivity, and quality factor (QF). The thickness of Au, BaTiO 3 and layers of BlueP-WS 2 heterostructure, and BlackP is optimized to yield maximum sensitivities at a working wavelength of 633 nm in the refractive index range (1.33–1.335 RIU) of the sensing layer. 228 Design IV (proposed sensor) produces the maximum sensitivity of 280°/ RIU with 56 nm Au, 1.6 nm BaTiO 3 , trilayer of BlueP-WS 2 (2.25 nm), and seven layers of BlackP (3.71 nm) along with QF and FWHM of 45.54 RIU −1 and 6.14812°, respectively.