Exploring the Potential of Vehicle-to-Grid Technology at Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom

Electric vehicles (EVs) are clean and sustainable mode of transport. However, EVs increase the load demand of the grid. EVs can also act as a source when discharging by the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) functionality. This work explores the potential of V2G for energy management and carbon emissions reduction for five parking lots of Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. This study investigates the energy management and carbon emissions reduction of five different parking lots: Helix, Quayside, Dean Mews, Grainger Street, and Eldon Garden, over 24 hours with the installation of V2G-enabled technology. The research utilizes MATLAB platform for simulation and analysis to evaluate discharging power and carbon emission reductions in three distinct scenarios (8 am to 4 pm, 10 am to 5 pm, and various hours). The results indicate that there is a wide diversity in the V2G performance, with Helix and Eldon Garden demonstrating higher discharging power availability and carbon savings, especially at long duration discharge periods. Quayside and Grainger are also among the big winners although Dean overall has lower discharge power, but still demonstrates a stronger contribution to emission reductions. The findings highlight the need for refined discharge timing designed around unique parking patterns for improved grid stability and reduced environmental impact. This research evaluated the effectiveness and viability of V2G technology in reaching its goals, shedding a light 262 into sustainable energy management policies and how to integrate back-up projects with more environmental-friendly urban environments.