A Comprehensive Analysis of Integrated Fault Tolerant Mechanism Capability of a Grid-connected Doubly-fed Induction Generator-based Wind System

Wind energy has emerged as a crucial source of renewable power across many countries. However, integrating wind farms into the grid introduces variations in dynamic behavior, leading to network imbalances – an essential challenge in modern smart grids. To comply with grid code regulations, wind turbine generators must remain connected and actively contribute to system stability during grid faults. One of the critical grid code requirements is the fault tolerance mechanism (FTM) capability of wind power generation farms. This chapter provides an in-depth analysis of various FTM techniques in a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind energy system under both symmetrical and asymmetrical grid fault conditions. The study evaluates the effectiveness of different FTM strategies, including the transient suppression resistor, DC voltage suppression unit, series fault current limiter (SFCL), and voltage optimization strategy. To enhance FTM performance, integrated approaches combining these techniques such as transient suppression resistor with an RL Circuit, DC voltage suppression unit with transient suppression resistor, DC voltage suppression unit with a series dynamic resistor, and voltage optimization strategy with transient suppression resistor are explored under diverse fault scenarios. The proposed methods are simulated using MATLAB/Simulink, and their hardware implementation is validated using the hardware setup (OPAL-real time test bench). The results demonstrate that these Integrated FTM schemes significantly improve system stability and performance under various grid fault conditions in a wind energy power generation system.