Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation of Implementation Effect of Medical and Prevention Integration Based on Residents' Perception

Background Against the backdrop of an aging population and an increasing disease burden, the traditional medical service model is no longer suitable for current health needs. The integration of medical care and disease prevention has emerged as a new service model. Currently, the integration model is in the exploratory stage, with relatively few studies focusing on patient experience. Objective This study aims to analyze the implementation effect of the medical and preventive care integration from the perspective of demand and put forward countermeasures and suggestions. Methods Based on the March 2023 Beijing Medical-Prevention Integration Survey data, this study employed a policy-guided approach combined with multi-stage sampling to collect 328 valid questionnaires from residents visiting four tertiary and two primary healthcare institutions. Using a self-designed questionnaire developed by the research team, we evaluated seven dimensions of the Donabedian model: accessibility, process (including procedures, convenience, and attitudes), and outcome (including quality, education, and relationships). The effectiveness was comprehensively evaluated using entropy weighting and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation methods, followed by group heterogeneity analysis. Results The improvement score of residents' medical experience after the integration of medical and preventive system is 80.07, which belongs to the dimension of enhancement. The heterogeneity analysis results show that the evaluation score of females (83.141) is higher than that of males (76.985), and the score of patients with hypertension (80.818) is higher than that of non-patients (79.785). The score of patients with diabetes (73.606) is significantly lower than that of non-patients (81.212). The evaluation of residents who have signed up with a family doctor (88.163) is markedly higher than those who have not (72.811). Residents who regularly choose primary health care institutions (86.317) have a higher evaluation than those who choose secondary general hospitals (72.502). Conclusion The integration of medical and preventive system has achieved results, but there is still a need to optimize the medical consultation process; the management outcomes of the integration for hypertensive patients are relatively good, but the experience of diabetes patients with the integration needs to be improved; primary medical care and family doctor services have played a positive role, but the construction of the integration in comprehensive hospitals at or above the secondary level still needs to be strengthened. It is recommended to further strengthen information technology construction, optimize the medical consultation process to enhance the efficiency of medical and preventive integration, reinforce the management of diabetes patients within the integration, pay attention to the construction of the integration in comprehensive hospitals at or above the secondary level, and enhance the sense of health gain and satisfaction among residents.