Cervical Radiculopathy and Neuromusculoskeletal Mimics in the Athlete

Cervical radiculopathy presents with symptoms involving the head, neck, and upper limb that can significantly impact athletic performance. While the presence of radiating pain and/or paresthesias may increase the clinical suspicion for a cervical radiculopathy, a variety of alternative neurogenic and musculoskeletal disorders can mimic cervical radicular patterns. Familiarity with key differentiating variables in the history and physical examination is essential for early and accurate diagnosis. Evaluation may require the use of imaging, electrodiagnostic testing, and/or diagnostic injections. However, such studies in isolation are limited in their ability to provide a definitive diagnosis and should be viewed as an extension of the history and physical examination. Coexistent disorders, asymptomatic imaging abnormalities, and inconclusive electrodiagnostic testing can create diagnostic challenges. This article will review cervical radiculopathy in the athlete and common neurogenic and musculoskeletal mimics that should be considered by sports medicine providers in order to facilitate timely diagnosis and management.