Linear and Nonlinear Associations Between Lipoprotein(a) and the Risks of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

Circulation Journal 2026 Open access

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Authors: Hsin‐Yin Hsu, Hsien‐Yu Fan, Tsai Mc, Chih-Jun Lai, Hwang LC, Kuo‐Liong Chien
DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-25-0847
Cited by: 1
References: 43

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a recognized risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), but the shape and potential nonlinearity of its association remain uncertain. We assessed the linear and nonlinear associations between Lp(a) levels and ASCVD risk using observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) approaches. METHODS AND RESULTS: ). Nonlinear MR suggested steeper gradients at higher levels, though not statistically significant (P=0.087). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated Lp(a) concentrations were causally associated with ASCVD risk, showing a predominantly graded relationship with possible nonlinearity at very high levels, supporting routine Lp(a) measurement and the development of Lp(a)-lowering therapies.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health Diabetes Cardiovascular Risks and Lipoproteins Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases

Publication details

Journal / source
Circulation Journal
Publisher
Japanese Circulation Society
Volume
90
Issue
5
Pages
480–489
Publication date
26 February 2026
Language
EN