Analysis of Key Points in Multi-Runway Airport Operations and Meteorological Warning and Forecasting Services

随着全球民航事业快速发展，大型枢纽机场进入“多跑道运行”时代已成为必然趋势。多跑道运行在显著提升机场容量的同时，也对气象服务的精细化、精准化和协同化提出了前所未有的挑战。本文梳理了国际国内多跑道机场的运行概况与模式，剖析风、低能见度、雷暴等关键气象要素对多跑道机场运行的影响机制及应对策略，阐述当前背景下多跑道机场气象服务的核心价值与服务重点。研究表明，多跑道机场气象服务需从传统“场级”宏观产品向“跑道级”精细化预报转变，从单纯天气预报向决策导向的深度服务演进，阐述了气象服务在保障安全、提升效率、创造效益方面的重要作用，为多跑道机场气象预警预报技术研究提供理论和实践参考。With the rapid development of the global civil aviation industry, it has become an inevitable trend for large hub airports to enter the era of “multi-runway operations.” While multi-runway operations significantly enhance airport capacity, they also pose unprecedented challenges to meteorological services in terms of refinement, precision, and coordination. This paper reviews the operational overview and modes of multi-runway airports both domestically and internationally, analyzes the impact mechanisms and response strategies of key meteorological elements—such as wind, low visibility, and thunderstorms—on multi-runway airport operations, and elaborates on the core value and service priorities of meteorological services for multi-runway airports under the current context. The research indicates that meteorological services for multi-runway airports need to transition from traditional “field-level” macro products to “runway-level” refined forecasting, and evolve from mere weather prediction to decision-oriented in-depth services. This paper also expounds on the important role of meteorological services in ensuring safety, improving efficiency, and generating benefits, providing theoretical and practical references for research on meteorological warning and forecasting technologies for multi-runway airports.