Survival and Immunophenotypes of Patients with Acute Leukaemia Treated in a Hospital in Chiclayo, Peru

Abstract* Objectives To determine the overall survival and immunophenotypes of patients with acute leukemia from a hospital in Chiclayo, Peru, during the period 2015-2019. Methods Observational research was conducted, analysing a total of 168 samples from patients diagnosed with acute leukemia, evaluating overall survival in the different types of leukemia at 5 years of follow-up using Kaplan-Meier curves. Results The overall survival for B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL) was found to be 52.7% at 5 years of follow-up, while for T-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (T-ALL), it was 50% at 2 years. The overall survival for non-promyelocytic Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) was 53.3% at 3 years of follow-up, and for promyelocytic leukemia, it was 66.7% at 3 years. The predominant immunophenotype was B-ALL, which represented 77.38%, while AML represented the remaining cases. Conclusions The overall survival of lymphoid leukemia was superior to that of myeloid leukemia. The most frequent aberration in B-ALL was the hyperexpression of CD10, while the absence of antigens was noted in T-ALL. The most frequent aberration in promyelocytic leukemia was the hyperexpression of CD13, and for non-promyelocytic leukemia, asynchronisms and lineage infidelity were observed.