Gender Differences in Balance Among Physically Active Young Adults: Analysis of Anterior, Posterior, and Central Stability Tendencies

Purpose This study aimed to investigate the effect of gender on balance performance among physically active young adults by analyzing anterior, posterior, and central stability tendencies. While balance is a multifactorial ability influenced by sensory integration and neuromuscular coordination, evidence regarding gender-specific postural strategies remains inconsistent. Methods Fifty-two healthy participants (26 males and 26 females, aged 18–25 years) who engaged in regular exercise were assessed using the Sigma Balance System (CosmoGamma, Italy). Balance performance was evaluated through a dynamic limit of stability test, and the percentage of time spent in anterior, posterior, and central zones was calculated. Independent samples t-tests and Welch’s t-tests were applied depending on variance homogeneity, with a significance level of p.05). However, females demonstrated significantly higher centering performance than males (p=.0246, R 2 =.1477), indicating a moderate effect size. These findings suggest that although the general mechanisms of postural control are similar across genders, central stability strategies differ, potentially reflecting distinct neuromotor adaptations. Conclusion The results highlight that females employ more precise neuromuscular control to maintain balance within the central stability zone. This advantage may offer performance benefits in sports requiring static or semi-dynamic postures, while emphasizing the need for gender-specific balance training and rehabilitation approaches. Overall, the study contributes to understanding how gender-related biomechanical and neuromotor factors shape postural control among physically active young adults.