Illuminating the deficiency: Public awareness of vitamin- D in Lahore, Pakistan

Vitamin D plays a vital role in maintaining bone health, supporting immune function, and contributing to mental well-being. Despite its significance, public awareness and adequate intake remain suboptimal in many regions, including Pakistan. This cross-sectional study assessed awareness, sources of information, lifestyle practices, and perceptions related to vitamin D among residents of Lahore, Pakistan. Data were collected from 200 participants using a self-administered questionnaire covering sun exposure habits, dietary intake, supplement use, and perceived health effects of vitamin D. The results revealed that although the majority had heard of vitamin D, most reported insufficient sun exposure, infrequent consumption of vitamin D–rich foods, and limited knowledge of their own vitamin D status. A significant testing gap was identified; 48% of participants had never undergone screening for vitamin D deficiency. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted public health campaigns, improved nutrition education, and routine screening initiatives to address vitamin D deficiency within the Pakistani population.