ISSUES IN ENSURING WORKFORCE AVAILABILITY IN TOURISM

This paper examines workforce security in the tourism industry. It focuses on seasonality, labor shortages, employee motivation, and the impact of the COVID‑19 pandemic. Tourism is highly vulnerable to seasonal fluctuations, which create an unstable labor market dominated by temporary, part‑time, and migrant work. These conditions lead to high turnover and difficulties in retaining skilled employees. Low wages and poor working environments further reduce job satisfaction and morale. The study analyzes how these challenges affect both workers and employers, emphasizing the growing reliance on migrant labor in many regions. It also explores strategies to mitigate problems, such as improving motivation, offering better conditions, and adopting flexible employment models. In addition, the paper considers the long‑term effects of COVID‑19 on tourism employment, including shifts in demand, migration patterns, and new health and safety standards. The findings provide actionable insights for policymakers and industry leaders. They propose practical measures to build a more stable and sustainable workforce. By addressing the root causes of labor insecurity, the study contributes to developing effective workforce strategies and a more resilient labor market.