Psychosomatic Disorders and the Physician-Patient Relationship - A Review

Introduction and Aim: Psychosomatic disorders present a significant challenge in medicine, where somatic symptoms are closely connected to psychological and social factors. Family physicians play a central role in recognizing and managing these patients, whose complex needs often lead to repeated consultations and increased healthcare utilization. This review aims to analyze the physician-patient relationship in the care of patients with psychosomatic disorders and its impact on diagnosis and treatment. Materials and Methods: The study is a literature review including scientific articles, monographs and textbooks in family medicine, psychosomatics and clinical psychology. Literature was searched in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Publications were selected based on relevance, scientific value and focus on physician-patient interaction, communication, patient personality traits and the role of Balint groups. State of Knowledge: Psychosomatic disorders manifest in cardiovascular diseases, peptic ulcers, eating disorders, skin diseases and sleep disorders with psychological factors influencing symptom development and course. Effective care relies on a biopsychosocial approach, empathetic communication and physician awareness of relational dynamics. Participation in Balint groups enhances empathy, improves patient communication and reduces physician burnout. Conclusions: The physician-patient relationship is a key therapeutic tool in psychosomatic care. Holistic treatment addressing both somatic and psychological needs, combined with effective communication and physician self-awareness, improves patient outcomes and fosters long-term therapeutic engagement.