Evolution of air quality and its relationship with precipitation acidity in coastal areas of Veracruz (2020–2023): Influence of meteorological factors

This study analyzes the evolution of air quality and its relationship with precipitation acidity in three coastal cities of Veracruz, Mexico (Xalapa, Veracruz, and Minatitlan) during the 2020-2023 period.The study evaluated sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and estimated rainwater pH.Meteorological variables such as temperature, precipitation, and wind conditions were also.The data were obtained through transparency platforms from SEDEMA, CONAGUA and processed using statistical and geospatial analysis in QGIS.The results reveal a general downward trend in NOx in urban areas, while SO₂ levels remained stable or slightly increased in industrial zones.Significant correlations were identified between high SO₂ concentrations and low precipitation pH values, suggesting a persistent incidence of acid rain.This work highlights the importance of integrated atmospheric and meteorological monitoring for environmental management in coastal areas.The results of this study provide a scientific basis to improve regional emission control policies and strengthen air quality management strategies.