Interaction between TNF inhibitors and serum IL-17 levels and susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis

This study aimed to assess the central role of the immunological marker interleukin-17 (IL-17) and to investigate the interaction between tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors and serum IL-17 levels in relation to susceptibility in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Serum samples were collected from three groups: patients with RA receiving TNF inhibitor therapy, patients with newly diagnosed (early) RA, and healthy controls. Serum IL-17 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serum IL-17 concentrations were significantly higher in RA patients treated with TNF inhibitors compared with the other groups (p < 0.001). Based on the present findings, increased serum IL-17 levels in RA patients undergoing TNF inhibitor therapy may indicate a better response to anti-TNF treatment.