Hyperuricemia and Cardio-Metabolic Risks: What Does a Biochemical Study in Northern Algeria Reveal?

This study examines the relationship between serum uric acid levels and cardio-metabolic risk factors by comparing at-risk individuals with healthy controls. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 105 adults (20–65 years) in Ali Mendjeli, Constantine. Mean uric acid levels were 43.80±13.34 mg/dL in healthy individuals, 53.36±14.93 mg/dL in type 2 diabetics, and 52.73±17.16 mg/dL in both hypertensive and diabetic hypertensive patients. Men exhibited higher uric acid levels than women, except in hypertensive individuals. Levels increased with age in men (40–60 years) and postmenopausal women but declined after 50 in diabetics and hypertensives. A significant association was observed between uric acid and BMI, with levels rising from 41.71±13.77 mg/dL in normal-weight individuals to 56±9.48 mg/dL in those with morbid obesity (P < 0.01). Uric acid positively correlated with triglycerides in healthy subjects (p < 0.05; r=0.244) and showed strong correlations with total cholesterol, BMI (p < 0.005; r1=0.431; r2=0.431; r3=0.576), and LDL cholesterol (p < 0.05; r=0.316) in diabetics. In diabetic hypertensives, uric acid was associated with total cholesterol (p < 0.01; r=0.464) and showed a non-significant inverse correlation with HDL cholesterol. These findings highlight the strong link between elevated uric acid and cardiovascular risk factors, emphasizing its potential role in cardiovascular disease management. Further research is needed to explore underlying mechanisms and targeted interventions.