Green Synthesis of TiO2 Nanoparticles using Swertia chirata Extract: an Eco-Friendly Approach to Nanomaterial Production

An environmentally friendly substitute for traditional chemical processes is the green production of Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles. This study report comprehensively examines the synthesis, characterisation, and uses of TiO₂ nanoparticles using Swertiachirata leaf extract as a capping and reducing agent. Rich in bioactive phytochemicals such xanthones, terpenoids, flavonoids, and seco-iridoid glycosides, the plant extract aids in the reduction of titanium precursors under mild reaction conditions without the need of toxic chemicals. The nanoparticles synthesized were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), FESEM EDX, and UV-visible spectrophotometry. The resultant TiO₂ nanoparticles are found to be of spherical to nearly spherical shape, anatase phase crystallinity, and particle diameters between 15 and 50 nm. This environmentally sustainable synthesis method obviates the necessity for toxic reducing agents and energy-intensive processes, presenting potential applications in environmental cleanup, biomedical devices, and pharmaceutical formulations.