Study of AAS, XPS and UV on Glass Fertilizers and Application on Sesame

The global population increased rapidly and was expected to reach about 16.46 billion by 2050. At the same time, the amount of arable land per person decreased, creating an urgent need to rethink fertilizer use and find innovative ways to ensure food security. To address this challenge, researchers developed phosphate-based glass fertilizers using a melt-quenching method. The process involved heating various batch compositions to around 750°C for 30 minutes to form a new class of fertilizers designed to enhance crop yield, improve nutrient efficiency, and reduce environmental harm through controlled nutrient release. The prepared glass fertilizers were thoroughly examined using advanced analytical methods such as atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV) to study their chemical and structural properties. Phosphate content was measured through a standardized gravimetric technique using quimocia reagent, ensuring precise and reliable results. To test their agricultural performance, controlled pot experiments were conducted on sesame plants. Growth parameters such as plant length, grain size, and grain weight were compared with those obtained using conventional fertilizers. The results, presented in graphical and tabular forms, showed that the glass fertilizers significantly improved crop growth and productivity. Overall, the study demonstrated that phosphate-based glass fertilizers had great potential to increase crop yield, enhance nutrient use efficiency, and reduce environmental pollution. These findings highlighted their promise in promoting sustainable agricultural practices that balance food production with environmental protection and social responsibility, while emphasizing the need for continued research and optimization of these innovative fertilizers.