Identifying the Active Chemical Ingredients in Extracts of Certain Plants with Medicinal Properties used for the Treatment of Intestinal Diseases

Traditionally, in many places, including Saudi Arabia, the plants Salvia officinalis, Artemisia herba alba, and Teucrium polium have been used to treat different diseases, especially intestinal ones. All three plant-specific water extracts were analysed using FTIR and GC-MS. Several flavonoids, phytosterol and phenolic acids have been identified. In a time-dependent growth suppression experiment, Teucrium polium (O1), Salvia officinalis (O2), and Artemisia herba-alba (O3) were examined for antibacterial activity. The growth curves of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus at O1, O2, and O3 revealed that these extracts may suppress bacterial growth and reproduction. O1, O2, and O3 had concentration-dependent effects on test microorganisms, with O1 inhibiting P. aeruginosa at 87% and S. aureus at 74% at the minimum inhibitory dose. At 0.5xMIC O1, very equal inhibition was observed. At MIC, the O₂ extract reduces 88%, but at 0.5xMIC, it reduces 63% and 60%. O₃ showed a 10% and 22% difference against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus at MIC and 0.5xMIC, respectively. It has also extended the plant's therapeutic advantages, opening up new applications.